The opposing view is that of instrumentalists, who view technology. One view is that of technological determinism, in which technology is a force that shapes the course of history and is outside people’s control. Nicholas Carr is the author of The Shallows and The Glass Cage: Automation and Us.He has written for The New York Times, The Wall Street Journal, and Wired. He discusses the intellectual ethics of a technology, which is often a subconscious byproduct of the inventor’s intent that ends up impacting the user.Ĭarr reflects on the debate about technology’s role in shaping society. He views new technology as tools that allow people to gain more power and control over the situations surrounding their lives. He uses the history of cartography and then the development of clocks to show how these technologies changed the way people thought about space and time. In Chapter 3, called “Tools of the Mind,” Carr reflects on how peoples’ intellectual maturation is demonstrated through the way they draw pictures and maps. Nicholas Carr is the author of The Shallows, a Pulitzer Prize finalist, The Glass Cage, and Utopia is Creepy.
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